Senate Bill 0977

[mad2002]

Yesterday a new bill was introduced to eliminate GLAUCOMA as a DEBILITATING condition.

 

Senator Jones once again helping the Blind to See!

 

http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/billintroduced/Senate/htm/2012-SIB-0977.htm

[+wolfgang]

Yesterday a new bill was introduced to eliminate GLAUCOMA a DEBILITATING condition.

 

Senator Jones once again helping the Blind to See!

 

http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2011-2012/billintroduced/Senate/htm/2012-SIB-0977.htm

WHAT is the matter with Jones??I have never wished for anyone to get sick but I hope he gets something horrible,forgive me Lord in advance,but that guy has a problem. He is a sociopath.

[Hempcheff]

just cant fix stupid

[Willy]

Ditto: just cant fix stupid

[Hempcheff]

sorry, i have to get this in first, Did anyone see this coming?....I know, im gonna spend some time in purgt. for that one

[Timmahh]

Maybe DR Jones needs to visit a couple REAL Doctors,.

 

first a group of opthalmologist, and then a room of Psychiatrists cuz he must be Blind and Crazy.

 

 

Its certain Jones only wants one term.

[Frank R]

Ah, here we go with Mr. Jones making health care choices for other citizens of the State of Michigan.

 

Will Jones soon mandate language doctors must say when recommending medical marijuana?

 

Will Jones propose an amendment requiring uncomfortable probings of medical marijuana patients prior to certification, such as we've seen Down South?

 

How deep is Jones intending to dive into the health care choices of Michiganders?

 

Will Jones and Schuette soon be mounting their campaign for driving the scrourge of birth control from the Great Lakes State?

 

 

It saddens me to see that Jones chooses not to fulfill his duty to provide service to the citizens of Michigan, but only seeks to deny and reduce the rights of those citizens.

[+Annnie]

Peter tosh said this about glaucoma

 

[+Annnie]

Actually after listening to that song again i am thoroughly convinced we need to add asthma to the list of qualifying conditions..

[LITLJON]

Wasn't GLAUCOMA the first thing that MJ was recorded for a med condition MJ helps??

[+Annnie]

I believe that song was recorded pre 1974..

[Petyr]

3 of the 8 patients who were enrolled in the FEDERAL MMJ program had glaucoma as their qualifying condition. The first patient, enrolled in 1976, had glaucoma as a qualifying condition. I think it is pretty much recognized as a qualifying condition, so this ammendmant is kinda insane.

[+Annnie]

I know im rulebreaking to respond with lol.. but dang petyr..

Yes i would have to agree this seems quite insane.. as well as i may even construe it to be Blatantly Resrictive and dangerous to the well being and health of many registered qualifying pts.

[Hempcheff]

they also strike the language regarding mdch 120 day rule, and change some other words, i wonder if it is significant...

[imiubu]

a few articles and studies :

 

http://marijuana-as-medicine.org/Alliance/facts.html

 

Marijuana As Medicine

 

Fact Sheets

This page contains general information on marijuana's medical use for certain ailments as well as historical information. Specific bibliographies are located at the bottom of this document. Visitors may also want to visit ACT's Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) page,

 

Visitors seeking more detailed information are encouraged to visit Medline and conduct a search of the National Library of Medicine's databank.

 

General History

Cannabis sativa and cannabis indica (marijuana) has a long and distinguished history as a medicinal herb. The Chinese emperor Shen-nung was the first to record the medical use of cannabis in 2737 B. C. Many cultures, however, have recognized the therapeutic benefits of the cannabis plant. Among them are: India, Persia, Assyria, Greece, Africa, South America, Turkey, and Egypt.

 

In Western medicine cannabis enjoyed its heyday during the 19th Century. In the late 1830s, Dr. William B. O'Shaughnessy, a British physician at the Medical College of Calcutta, learned of cannabis and began experimenting with various cannabis preparations. He determined the drug was safe and effective in treating rabies, rheumatism, epilepsy and tetanus.

 

O'Shaughnessy published his studies in a forty page article entitled "On the preparations of the Indian Hemp or Gunjah," in 1839. This marked the beginning of an intensive period of study throughout Europe and America. More than 100 articles were published between 1840 and 1900. Many prominent physicians, including Queen Victoria's personal physician, J. R. Reynolds, studied cannabis. Reynolds declared it "by far the most useful of drugs" in treating "painful maladies."

 

In America, the first extensive study of cannabis in medicine was completed in 1860 by the Ohio Medical Society. Physicians reported success in treating stomach pain and gastric distress, psychosis, chronic cough, gonorrhea and neuralgia.

 

At the turn of the century, the drug began to fall into disuse. Cannabis was difficult to store and its extracts were variable in their effect. As new drugs were developed in the early 1900s, cannabis was less widely used but still available by prescription and in some over-the-counter preparations.

 

The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, intended to prohibit marijuana's social use, was most effective in prohibiting medical use of the drug. Strict regulations governing cultivation of the plant made its production impractical. New synthetic drugs caught the fancy of physicians and cannabis was used less frequently, Finally, in 1942, the Federal Bureau of Narcotics convinced the U. S. Pharmacopeia to remove the drug from its listing.

 

In the 1970s, cannabis was "re-discovered" as a medical substance. Controlled studies have revealed its therapeutic utility in the treatment of cancer chemotherapy side-effects, glaucoma, and spasticity ailments. Federal regulations continue to make research with the drug very difficult, however, and many promising areas of therapeutic application have received little or no attention. These include: asthma, AIDS, epilepsy, analgesic action, tumor retardation, nervous disorders, and mental illness.

 

Medical Use of Marijuana by Patients Undergoing Cancer Chemotherapy or afflicted with AIDS

Cancer chemotherapy can often prolong the patient's life by several years. In some instances, a complete "cure" can be obtained. Unfortunately, these drugs also have severe side-effects, most notably nausea and vomiting. Patients sometimes find these effects so distressing they abandon chemotherapy entirely.

 

People with AIDS (Acquired Immune Disease) also experience these problems. Powerful anti-viral drugs such as AZT and the new protease inhibitors can induce severe nausea, vomiting, and other gastrointestinal effects. Similarly, AIDS "wasting syndrome" can literally starve an individual to death.

 

Investigations with cannabis have revealed its ability to reduce (or eliminate) the nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy while also providing an appetite stimulus. The benefits are thus twofold: 1) the patient is able to retain food and maintain body strength, and 2) he or she can tolerate the life-prolonging chemotherapy treatments.

 

At least eight published studies have confirmed the ability of cannabis and its psychoactive ingredient delta-9-THC to reduce nausea and vomiting. The first appeared in 1975 in The New England Journal of Medicine. It concluded, "THC is an effective anti-emetic for patients receiving cancer chemotherapy."

 

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in February, 1980 listed 33 studies of cannabis and nausea and vomiting. Most of these experiments involve efforts to determine the proper dosage of THC and several are comparative studies with other standard anti-emetics.

 

In New Mexico, a state sponsored study has shown the cannabis cigarette to be 30% more effective than THC in relieving nausea and vomiting. Another study, sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), discovered that inhaled cannabis resulted in a 71% efficacy rate, as opposed to 44% with oral delta-9-THC. These controlled studies have been fortified by "anecdotal" accounts from individuals who have abandoned legal access to THC because they prefer marijuana obtained illegally. These patients report that smoking marijuana seems to bring an almost instantaneous relief.

 

This is not a new finding. As early as May 1978, researches at a symposium sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) concluded, "All in all, the cigarette may be the best means of administering the drug."

 

In September 1988 the chief administrative law judge of the Drug Enforcement Administration ruled that marijuana has medical value in the treatment of side-effects caused by cancer chemotherapy. His decision was over-ruled by the administrator of the DEA and marijuana remains illegal for medical purposes.

 

 

<a name="Glaucoma">Medical Use of Marijuana by Patients with Glaucoma

Glaucoma is an eye disease which afflicts more than four million Americans and is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. According to the National Society for Prevention of Blindness, there are 178,000 new cases of glaucoma diagnosed each year.

 

Glaucoma can strike people of all ages but is most often found among those over 65. The most common form of glaucoma is chronic or open-angle glaucoma. It is characterized by increased pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure or IOP) which can cause damage to the optic nerve if not controlled effectively. Other types of glaucoma include narrow-angle and secondary. Treatment of narrow-angle glaucoma is primarily surgical. In approximately 90% of the open-angle and secondary glaucomas topical (eyedrop) preparations along with some oral medications can effectively control the disease, but at least 10% of all cases fail to be completely controlled by available prescriptive drugs. In some instances available glaucomic medications can cause side-effects such as headaches, kidney stones, burning of the eyes, blurred vision, cardiac arrhythmias, insomnia, and nervous anxiety. These side-effects may become so severe that the patient must discontinue use.

 

Marijuana has shown promise as a possible glaucoma treatment in numerous published studies. In controlled studies at UCLA, it was discovered that patients smoking marijuana experienced, on average, a 30% drop in eye pressure. The reduction was dose related and lasted 4 to 5 hours. Dr. Robert Hepler, principal investigator in the UCLA study, concluded that cannabis may be more useful than conventional medications and may reduce eye pressure in a way that conventional medications do not, thus making marijuana a potential additive to the glaucoma patient's regimen of available medication.

 

Tolerance to conventional medications is a common problem in glaucoma control. The use of marijuana for additional IOP reduction could eliminate the need for surgical intervention. Glaucoma surgery costs Americans an estimated $8.8 million per year.

 

Scientists have been working to develop a marijuana eyedrop for several years. Until recently, they concentrated on delta-9-THC, marijuana's psychoactive ingredient. Some researchers, however, have begun to wonder if other constituents in the cannabis plant might be more effective in reducing IOP. This theory is bolstered by the few glaucoma patients who have continued, legal access to marijuana. In these cases, synthetic THC is only effective for a short period of time. Natural marijuana, however, consistently lowers IOP.

 

A number of pharmaceutical companies are investigating drugs that are chemically similar to various constituents of cannabis for possible glaucomic applications. A West Indies pharmaceutical company has developed a synthetic marijuana eyedrop but this is unavailable in the U.S.

 

 

 

 

 

Glaucoma Bibliography

 

Books

Cannabis in Medical Practice: A Legal, Historical and Pharmacological Overview of the Therapeutic Use of Marijuana, Mary Lynn Mathre, Ed., McFarland Press (1998).

 

Cannabinoids as Therapeutic Agents, Raphael Mechoulam (ed.) CRC Press, (1986).

 

Marijuana, Medicine, & The Law, Volumes I&II, R.C. Randall (ed.), Galen Press, (1988-1989).

 

Marihuana, The Forbidden Medicine, Lester Grinspoon, M.D. and James B. Bakalar, Yale University Press, (1993).

 

 

Scientific Journal Articles

Hepler, R.S. & Frank, I. "Marijuana Smoking and Intraocular Pressure," Journal of the American Medical Association, 217, 1392 (1971).

 

Hepler, R.S., Frank, I. & Ungerleider, J. "Pupillary Constriction After Marijuana Smoking," American Journal of Ophthalmology, 74, 1185-1190 (1972).

 

Shapiro, D. "The Ocular Manifestation of the Cannabinoids," Ophthalmologica, 168, 366-369 (1974).

 

Hepler, R.S. & Petrus, R. "Experiences With Administration of Marihuana to Glaucoma Patients," The Therapeutic Potential of Marijuana, Cohen & Stillman (eds.), 63-75 (1976).

 

Hepler, R.S., Frank, I. & Petrus, R. "Ocular Effects of Marihuana Smoking," Pharmacology of Marihuana, Braude & Szara (eds.), 815-824 (1976).

 

Perez-Reyes, M., Wagner, D., Wall, M.E. & Davis, K. "Intravenous Administration of Cannabinoids and Intraocular Pressure," The Pharmacology of Marihuana, Braude & Szara (eds.), 829-832 (1976).

 

Goldberg, I., Kass, M. & Becker, B. "Marijuana as a Treatment for Glaucoma," Sightsaving Review, Winter issue 147-154 (1978-79).

 

Crawford, W. & Merritt, J.C. "Effects of Tetrahydrocannabinol on Arterial and Intraocular Hypertension," International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacology, 17, 191-196 (1979).

 

Merritt, J.C., Crawford, W., Alexander, P., Anduze, A. & Gelbart, S. "Effects of Marijuana on Intraocular and Blood Pressure in Glaucoma," Ophthalmology, 87, 222-228 (1980).

 

Merritt, J.C., McKinnon, S., Armstrong, J., Hatem, G. & Reid, L. "Oral Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Heterogeneous Glaucomas," Annals of Ophthalmology, 12, No 8. (1980).

 

Zimmerman, T. "Efficacy in Glaucoma Treatment: The Potential of Marijuana," Annals of Ophthalmology, 444-450 (1980).

 

Merritt, J.C., Perry, D., Russell, D. & Jones, B. "Topical Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Aqueous Dynamics in Glaucoma," Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 21, 467S-471S (1981).

 

Merritt, J.C., et al. "Effects of Topical Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on Intraocular Pressure in Dogs," Glaucoma, Jan/Feb., 13-16 (1981).

 

Merritt, J.C., Olsen, J., Armstrong, J., McKinnon, S. "Topical Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Hypertensive Glaucomas," Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, 33, 40-41 (1981).

 

Merritt, J., Cook, C. & Davis, K. "Orthostatic Hypotension After Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Marijuana Inhalation," Ophthalmic Research, 14, 124-128 (1982).

 

Merritt, J. et al. "Topical Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol as a Potential Glaucoma Agent," Glaucoma, 4, 253-255 (1982).

 

Merritt, J. "Outpatient Cannabinoid Therapy for Heterogenous Glaucomas: Guidelines for Institution and Maintenance of Therapy," Marijuana '84: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Cannabis, 681-683 (1984).

 

Merritt, J.C., Shrewsbury, R., Locklear, F., Demby, K. & Wittle, G. "Effects of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Vehicle Constituents on Intraocular Pressure in Normotensive Dogs," Research Communications in Substances of Abuse, 7, 29-35 (1986).